Chile has been declared a country that has completely eradicated dog‑transmitted rabies
- WHO recognized Chile as a rabies-free country regarding dog transmission
- The first such achievement in South America
- Free mass vaccination of dogs for over 50 years
- Reliable monitoring and post-contact prevention
Rabies remains one of the deadliest infectious diseases, claiming thousands of lives each year, primarily in countries with low control over the population of stray dogs. The transmission of the virus through a dog bite is traditionally considered the main route of infection for humans.
In Chile, the problem of rabies transmitted by dogs persisted until the mid-20th century, when regular cases were recorded among both animals and humans. With the growth of urbanization and the increase in the number of stray animals, the risk of transmission intensified.
Key measures that led to success
The main lever in the fight was the introduction of free mass vaccination of dogs. Since the 1970s, the Chilean government has organized regular campaigns covering almost the entire dog population, regardless of its status – pet or stray. Vaccination was carried out as part of a national calendar, and vaccinations were recorded in a single database.
Simultaneously with the vaccination, a system of active epidemiological surveillance was established. Every suspected case of rabies in animals or humans was recorded, and samples were sent to specialized laboratories where modern diagnostic methods were used to quickly confirm or rule out the presence of the virus.
For people who came into contact with potentially infected animals, free post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) was provided. PEP medications were made available in state medical institutions without delays, significantly reducing mortality among the affected.
These comprehensive actions were supported by continuous funding from the state budget and international grants, as well as extensive information campaigns that raised public awareness about the importance of vaccination and timely medical assistance.
In 2024, the World Health Organization officially confirmed that Chile has completely interrupted the transmission of rabies from dogs to humans. This recognition makes Chile the first country in South America to achieve this result and serves as an example for neighboring countries where the problem remains acute.
Experts note that, despite the achievement, it is necessary to maintain the achieved level of control. Regular vaccinations, monitoring, and readiness for quick response remain key elements that allow for the prevention of possible relapse.
Source: N+1
