Filtration and forced deportations
- In the occupied territories, Russia conducted forced 'filtering' of the civilian population.
- People underwent interrogations, searches, and checks; some were detained or deported to Russia.
- The UN and human rights organizations document cases of people being moved against their will.
- Forced deportation of the civilian population is prohibited by international humanitarian law.
One of the least visible, but particularly alarming aspects of the war has been the system of so-called 'filtering' — forced checks of civilians in the occupied territories. Many residents of Ukrainian cities that fell under Russian control went through interrogation and search procedures. Some people were subsequently forcibly relocated deeper into Russia, as documented by international organizations.
What is 'filtering'?
By "filtering" we mean a system of checks that the occupying forces applied to the civilian population to identify those they considered "unreliable." In practice, this meant passing through special points where people were interrogated, their belongings and phones were searched, fingerprints were taken, and they were photographed.
- Correspondence, photos, and contacts in phones were checked.
- Particular attention was paid to connections with the Ukrainian army, government agencies, and activists.
- Those who raised suspicions could be detained for an indefinite period.
The procedure itself put civilians in a vulnerable position and was accompanied by psychological pressure.
From checks to deportations
A significant number of people leaving combat zones were directed not towards Ukrainian-controlled territory, but deeper into Russia. International observers recorded instances where residents, including women, children, and the elderly, were moved through filtration points and then to remote Russian regions.
Key signs of violations
- The movement of people against their will or without a real choice of route.
- Lack of free access to safe Ukrainian corridors.
- Separation of families during evacuations and checks.
What international law says
International humanitarian law explicitly prohibits individual or mass forced displacement and deportation of protected persons from occupied territory. The occupying power has no right to forcibly remove the civilian population to its territory.
Detentions without legal grounds, interrogations under pressure, and the movement of people against their will are serious violations and may be considered elements of war crimes and crimes against humanity.
Documentation and testimonies
The UN Human Rights Monitoring Mission, as well as independent human rights organizations, have gathered numerous testimonies from people who have undergone 'filtering'. These accounts describe humiliating procedures, long waits, cases of relatives going missing, and a lack of information about their fate.
- Eyewitness testimonies form the evidentiary basis for investigations.
- Satellite data helps identify locations where people are held.
- International bodies are seeking access to displaced persons.
Consequences for people
For thousands of Ukrainians, 'filtering' has resulted in separation from loved ones, loss of contact with home, and forced stay in a foreign country. The return of such individuals is complicated by the lack of direct access for Ukrainian authorities to Russian territory. The issue of displaced persons remains part of the humanitarian and legal efforts of Ukraine and its partners.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is 'filtering'?
It is a system of forced checks on civilians in occupied territories: interrogations, searches, fingerprinting, and photographs aimed at identifying 'unreliable' individuals.
Where were people sent after the checks?
Part of the civilians were relocated not to the areas controlled by Ukraine, but deep into Russia, including remote regions.
Does this violate international law?
Yes. The forced relocation and deportation of civilians by an occupying power is explicitly prohibited by international humanitarian law.
Who documents these cases?
The UN Human Rights Monitoring Mission and independent human rights organizations collect testimonies and evidence.
Sources: Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (ohchr.org), United Nations (un.org), OSCE (osce.org)
The material is informational and analytical in nature and is based on data from official international organizations. The figures are provided with references to sources. Updated: July 6, 2026. Edited by MegaInet.art.
